Environmental Impact of Conventional Rice Cultivation using Life Cycle Analysis

Jump To References Section

Authors

  • Alphonso R.
     Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043 ,IN
  • Thirumani Devi A.
     Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043 ,IN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21048/IJND.2023.60.2.34215

Keywords:

Rice cultivation, rice, life cycle analysis, open LCA

Abstract

Rice is the staple cereal in most Asian countries. Agriculture and food production accounts for nearly a third of global GreenHouse Gas Emissions (GHGE), where rice has a significant contribution. This study quantifies the environmental impact of conventional rice cultivation using Life Cycle Analysis, which assesses every process, input and output in the cultivation system and measures the environmental impacts. The top six impacts in the production of 1000 kg paddy in one field in North East India was terrestrial toxicity (245.548 kg 1,4-DCB), global warming (144.283 Kg CO2 eq), human non-carcinogenic toxicity (83.905 kg 1,4-DCB), fossil fuel scarcity (38.760 kg oil eq.). More of such data is necessary to create a nation-wide database, so that consumers and policy makers can make proper decisions not only based on nutritional content or safety of food, but also in terms of their environmental impact.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Downloads

Published

2023-06-27

How to Cite

R., A., & A., T. D. (2023). Environmental Impact of Conventional Rice Cultivation using Life Cycle Analysis. The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 60(2), 224–234. https://doi.org/10.21048/IJND.2023.60.2.34215

Issue

Volume 60, Issue 2, April-June 2023

Section

Original Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

All the articles published in IJND are distributed under a creative commons license. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright of their work (all usages allowed except for commercial purpose).

Please contact us at editor@informaticsglobal.com for permissions related to commercial use of the article(s).

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

 

References

IPCC. Sixth Assessment Report. United Nations, 2022. https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar6/

International Standard (ISO 14040). Environmental Management-Life Cycle Assessment-Principles and Framework. International Organisation for Standardisation, 1997.

Fawibe, O.O., Honda, K., Taguchi, Y., Oark, S. and Isoda, A. Greenhouse gas emissions from rice field cultivation with drip irrigation and plastic film mulch. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2018, 113, 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-018-9961-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-018-9961-3

Wurisbaugh, W.A., Paerl, H.W. and Dodds, W.K. Nutrients, eutrophication and harmful algal blooms along the freshwater to marine continuum. WIREs Water, 2019, 6, e1373. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1373 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1373

National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme. IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (H.S. Eggleston, L. Buendia, K. Miwa, T. Ngara, and K. Tanabe, Eds.), 2006. IPCC. http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/index.htm

FSSAI, and FFRC. (n.d.). FAQs on Rice Fortification. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India. https://ffrc.fssai.gov.in/commodity?commodity=fortified-rice

Stockle, C.O. Environmental impact of irrigation: A review. IV international congress of agricultural engineering. 2001. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=8321f0dbb29814bd74e6bc858210809ca847a227

EPA. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1995a.

EPA. Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables. Annual FY-95, prepared for the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, Ohio. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, 1995b.

Norris, J.C. Formal toxicity summary for 1,4-dichlorobenzene. The Risk Assessment Information System, 1998. https://rais.ornl.gov/tox/profiles/1_4_dichlorobenzene_f_V1.html#t3

Tubiello, F.N., Karl, K., Flammini, A., Gütschow, J., Obli-Laryea, G., Conchedda, G., Pan, X., Qi, S.Y., Heiðarsdóttir, H.H., Wanner, N., Quadrelli, R., Souza, L.R., Benoit, P., Hayek, M., Sandalow, D., Contreras, E.M., Rosenzweig, C., Moncayo, J.R., Conforti, P. and Torero, M. Pre- and post-production processes increasingly dominate greenhouse gas emissions from agri-food systems. Earth System Science Data, 2022, 14, 1795-1809. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1795-2022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1795-2022

FAO. Greenhouse gas emissions from agri food systems. Global, regional and country trends, 2000–2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2022. https://www.fao.org/food-agriculture-statistics/data-release/data-release-detail/en/c/1616127/