Do Herbal Medicines Have Potential for Managing Snake Bite Envenomation?

Jump To References Section

Authors

  • Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi – 110029 ,IN
  • Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi – 110029 ,IN

Keywords:

Antisnake venom, medicinal plants, pharmacological activity, snake bite
Phycology

Abstract

Snake envenomation is a global public health problem, with highest incidence in Southeast Asia. Inadequate health services, difficult transportation and consequent delay in antisnake venom administration are the main reasons for high mortality. Adverse drug reactions and inadequate storage conditions limit the use of antisnake venom. The medicinal plants, available locally and used widely by traditional healers, therefore need attention. A wide array of plants and their active principles have been evaluated for pharmacological properties. However, numerous unexplored plants claimed to be antidotes in folklore medicine need to be studied. The present article reviews the current status of various medicinal plants for the management of snake bite.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Published

2018-05-25

How to Cite

Gupta, Y. K., & Peshin, S. S. (2018). Do Herbal Medicines Have Potential for Managing Snake Bite Envenomation?. Toxicology International, 19(2), 89–99. Retrieved from https://www.informaticsjournals.com/index.php/toxi/article/view/21347

Issue

Section

Review Articles
Received 2018-05-24
Accepted 2018-05-24
Published 2018-05-25

 

References

Chethankumar M, Srinivas L. New biological activity against phospholipase A2 by turmerin, a protein from Curcuma longa L. Biol Chem 2008;389:299-303.

Jager AK, Hutchings A, Stadenvan J. Screening of Zulu medicinal plants used for medicinal purposes. J Ethnopharmacol 1996;52:95-100.

Chaurasia S. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Strychnos nux vomica Linn.Am Eurasian J Sustain Agric 2009;3:244-52.

Meenatchisundaram S, Parameswari G, Subbraj T, Michael A. Studies on antivenom activity of Andrographis paniculata and Aristolochia indica plant extracts against Echis carinatus venom. The Internet J Toxicol 2009;6.

da Silva JO, Coppede JS, Fernandes VC, Sant'ana CD, Ticli FK, Mazzi MV, et al. Antihemorrhagic, antinucleolytic and other antiophidian properties of the aqueoua extract from Pentaclethra macroloba. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;100:145-52. Epub 2005 Apr 20.

Nishijima CM, Rodrigues CM, Silva MA, Lopes-Ferreira M, Vilegas W, Hiruma-Lima CA. Anti- hemorrhagic activity of four Brazilian vegetable species against Bothrops jararaca venom. Molecules 2009;14:1072-80.

Mendes MM, Oliveira CF, Lopes DS, Vale LH, Alcí¢ntara TM, Izidoro LF, et al. Antisnake venom properties of Schizolobium parahyba (Caesalpinoideae) aqueous leaves extract. Phytother Res 2008;22:859-66.

Leanpolchareanchai J, Pithayanukul P, Bavovada R. Antinecrosis potential of polyphenols against snake venoms. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2009;31:556-62.

Houghton PJ, Skari KP. The effect on blood clotting of some west African plants used against snake bite. J Ethnoparmacol 1994;44:99-108.

Guerranti R, Aguiyi JC, Errico E, Pagani R, Marinello E. Effects of Mucuna pruriens extract on activation of prothrombin by Echis carinatus venom. J Ethnopharmacol 2001;75:175-80.

Castro KN, Carvalho AL, Ameida AP, Oliveira DB, Borba HR, Costa SS, et al. Preliminary in vitro studies on the Marsypianthes chamaedrys (boia-caa) extracts at fibrinoclotting induced by snake venoms. Toxicon 2003;41:929-32.

Alam MI, Auddy B, Gomes A. Isolation, purification and partial characterization of viper venom inhibiting factor from the root extract of the Indian medicinal plant sarsaparilla (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.). Toxicon 1994;32:1551-57.

Pithayanukul P, Leanpolchareanchai J, Bavovada R. Inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on local tissue damage induced by snake venoms. Phytother Res 2010;S1:S56-62.

Melo PA, do Nascimento MC, Mors WB, Suarez-Kurt G. Inhibition of myotoxic and hemorrhagic activities of crotalid venoms by Eclipta prostrate (Asteraceae) extracts and constituents. Toxicon 1994;32:595-603.

Mors WB. Plants against snakebites. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1991;86:(Suppl. 2):193.

Pithayanukul P, Laovachirasuwan S, Bavovada R, Pakmanee N, Suttisri R. Anti venom potential of butanolic extract of Eclipta prostrata against Malayan pit vipervenom. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;90:347-52.

da Silva JO, Fernandes RS, Ticli FK, Oliveira CZ, Mazzi MV, Franco JJ, et al. Triterpenoid saponins, new metalloprotease snake venom inhibitors isolated from Pentaclethra macroloba. Toxicon 2007;50:283-91. Epub 2007 Apr 13.

Ferreira LA, Henriqyes OB, Andreoni AA, Vital GR, Campos MM, Habermehl GG, et al. Antivenom & biological effects of arturmerone isolated from Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae). Toxicon 1992;30:1211-8.

Kuppuswamy UR, Das N. Protective effects of tannic acid and related natural compounds on Crotalus adamenteus subcutaneous poisoning in mice. Pharmacol Toxicol 1993;72:290-5.

Januario AH, Santos SL, Marcussi S, Mazzi MV, Pietro RC, Sato DN, et al. Neo-clerodane diterpenoid, a new metalloprotease snake venom inhibitor from Baccharis trimera (Asreraceae):antiproteolytic and anti–hemorrhagic properties. Chem Biol Interact 2004;150:243-51.

Chatterjee I, Chakravarty AK, Gomes A. Antisnake venom activity of ethanolic seed extract of Strychnos nux vomica Linn. Indian J Exp Biol 2004;42:468-75.

Selvanayagam ZE, Gnanavendhan SG, Balakrishna K, Rao RB, Sivaraman J, Subramanian K, et al. Ehretianone, a novel quinonoid xanthene from Ehretia buxifolia with antisnake venom activity. J Nat Prod 1996;59:664-7.

Lans C, Harper T, Georges K, Bridgewater E. Medicinal and ethnoveterinary remedies of hunters in Trinidad. BMC Complement Altern Med 2001;1:10. Epub 2001 Nov 30.

da Silva AJ, Coelho AL, Simas AB, Moraes RA, Pinheiro DA, Fernandes FF, et al. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of prenylated and benzylated pterocarpans against snake venoms. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004;14:431-5.

Girish KS, Mohanakumari HP, Nagaraju S, Vishwanath BS, Kemparaju K. Hyaluronidase and protease activities from Indian snake venoms: Neutralization by Mimosa pudica root extract. Fitoterapia 2004;75:378-80.

Mukherjee AK, Doley R, Saikia D. Isolation of a snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor (AIPLAI) from leaves of Azadirachta indica (Neem): Mechanism of PLA2 inhibition by AIPLAI in vitro condition. Toxicon 2008;51:1548-53.

Machiah DK, Girish KS, Gowda TV. A glycoprotein from a folk medicinal plant, Withania somnifera, inhibits hyaluronidase activity of snake venoms. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2006;143:158-61.

Nunez V, CastroV, Murillo R, Ponce-Soto LA, Merfort I, Lomonte B. Inhibitory effects of Piper umbellatum & Piper peltatum extracts towards myotoxic phospholipases A2 from Bothrops snake venoms: Isolation of 4-nerolidycatechol as active principle. Phytochemistry 2005;66:1017-25.

Vishwanath BS, Kini RM, Gowda TV. Characterization of three edema-inducing phospholipase A2 enzymes from habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis ) venom and their interaction with the alkaloid aristolochic acid. Toxicon 1987;25:501-15.

Vishwanath S, Gowda TV. Interaction of aristolochic acid with Vipera russelli phospholipase A2: Its effect on enzymatic & pathological activities. Toxicon 1987;25:929-37.

Soares M, Ticli FK, Marcussi S, Lourenço MV, Januário AH, Sampaio SV, et al. Medicinal plants with inhibitory properties against snake venoms. Curr Med Chem 2005;12:2625-41.

Kini RM, Gowda TV. Studies on snake venom enzymes: Part I. Purification of ATPases from Naja naja venom and its inhibition by potassium gymnemate. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1982;19:152-54.

Diogo LC, Fernandes RS, Marcussi S, Menaldo DL, Roberto PG, Matrangulo PV, et al. Inhibition of snake venoms and phospholipases A 2 by extracts from native and genetically modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of active coumestans. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2009;104:293-9.

Napimoga MH, Yatsuda R. Scientific evidence for Mikania laevigata and Mikania glomerata as a pharmacological tool. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010;62:809-20.

Negi P, Anandharamakrishnan C, Jayaprakasha GK. Antibacterial activity of Aristolochia bracteata root extracts. J Med Food 2003;6:401-3.

Pavithra PS, Janani VS, Charumathi KH, Indumathy R, Potala S,Verma RS . Anticbacterial activity of plants used in Indian herbal medicine. Int J Green Pharm 2010;4:22-8.

Mahanta M, Mukherjee AK. Neutralization of lethality, myotoxicity and toxic enzymes of Naja kaouthia venom by Mimosa pudica root extracts. J Ethnopharmacol 2001;75:55-60.

Meenatchisundaram S, Parameswari G, Subbraj T, Michael A. Antivenom activity of medicinal plants-a mini review. Ethnobot Leaflets 2008;12:1218-20.

Huntley AL, Thompson CJ, Ernst E. The safety of herbal medicinal products derived from Echinacea species: A systematic review. Drug Saf 2005;28:387-400.

Hostettmann K. History of a plant: The example of Echinacea. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd 2003;10(Suppl. 1):9-12.

Li QB, Pan R, Wang GF, Tang SK. Anisodamine as an effective drug to treat snakebites. J Nat Toxins 1999;8:327-30.

Guerranti R, Aguiyi JC, Ogueli IG, Onorati G, Neri S, Rosati F, et al. Protection of Mucuna pruriens seeds against Echis carinatus venom is exerted through a multiform glycoprotein whose oligosaccharide chains are functional in this role. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;323:484-90.

Tan NH, Fung SY, Sim SM, Marinello E, Guerranti R, Aguiyi JC. The protective effect of Mucuna pruriens seeds against snake venom poisoning. J Ethnbopharmacol 2009;123:356-58. Epub 2009 Mar 26.

Memmi A, Sansa G, Rjeibi I, El Ayeb M, Srairi-Abid N, Bellasfer Z, et al. Use of medicinal plants against scorpionic and ophidian venoms. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 2007;84:49-55.

de Almeida L, Cintra AC, Veronese EL, Nomizo A, Franco JJ, Arantes EC, et al. Anticrotalic and antitumoral activities of gel filtration fractions of aqueous extract from Tabernaemontana catharinensis (Apocyanaceae). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2004;137:19-27.

Alam MI, Gomes A. Viper venom induced inflammation and inhibition of free radical formation by pure compound (2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid) isolated and purified from anantamul (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.) root extract. Toxicon, 1998;36:207-15.

Alam MI, Gomes A. Adjuvant effects and antiserum action potentiation by a (herbal) compound 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid isolated from the root extract of the Indian medicinal plant "sarsaparilla” (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.). Toxicon 1998;36:1423-31.

Abubakar MS, Sule MI, Pateh UU, Abdurahman EM, Haruna AK, Jahun BM. In vitro snake venom detoxifying action of leaf extract of Guiera senegalensis. J Ethnopharmacol 2000;69:253-7.

Bennett BC, Prance GT. Introduced plants in the indigenous pharmacopoeia of northern South America. Econ Bot 2000;54:90- 102.

Yang LC, Wang F, Liu M. A study of an endothelin antagonist from a Chinese anti snake venom medicinal herb. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1998;31:S249-50.

Asuzu IU, Harvey AL. The antisnake venom activities of Parkia biglobosa (Mimosaceae) stem bark. Toxicon 2003;42:763-8.

Shirwaiker A, Rajendran K, Bodla R, Kumar CD. Neutralization potential of Viper russelli (Russell's viper) venom by ethanol leaf extract of Acalypha indica. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;94:267-73.

Ahmad VC, Abbasi MA, Hussain H, Akhtar MN, Farooq U, Fatima N, et al. Phenolic glycosides from Symplocos racemosa: Natural inhibitors of phosphodiesterase. Phytochemistry 2003;63:217-20.

Pereira BMR, Daros MR, Parente JP, Matos FJA. Bredemeyeroside D, a novel triterpenoid saponin from Bredemeyera floribunda: A potent snake venom antidote activity on mice. Phytother Res 1996;10:666-9.

Daros MR, Mtos FJA, Parente JP. A new triterpenoid saponin, Bredemeueroside from Bredmeyera floribunda. Planta Med 1996;62:523-7.

da Silva CJ, Bastos JK, Takahashi CS. Evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of crude extracts of Cordia ecalyculata and Echinodorus grandiflorus. J Ethnopharmacol 2010;127:445- 50.

Mors WB, Nascimento MC, Pereira BM, Pereira NA. Plant natural products active against snake-bite-the molecular approach. Phytochemistry 2000;55:627-42.

Ode OJ, Asuzu IU. The antisnake venom activities of the methanolic extract of the bulb of Crinum jagus (Amaryllidaceae). Toxicon 2006;48:331-42.

Hasson SS, Al-Jabri AA, Sallam TA, Al-Balushi MS, Mothana RA. Antisnake venom activity of Hibiscus aethiopicus L. against Echis ocellatus and Naja n.nigricollis. J Toxicol 2010;2010:837864 82. Muthu C, Ayyanar M, Raja N, Ignacimuthu S. Medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Kancheepuram district of Tamilnadu, India. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2006;2:43.

Uniyal SK, Singh KN, Jamwal P, Lal B. Traditional use of medicinal plants among the tribal communities Chhota Bhangal, Western Himalaya. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2006;2:14.

Upadhyay PB, Roy S, Kumar A. Traditional uses of medicinal plants among the rural communities of Churu district in the Thar desert, India. J Ethnopharmacol 2007;113:387-99.

Samy RP, Thwin MM, Gopalakrishnakone P, Ignacimuthu S. Ethnobotanical survey of folk plants for the treatment of snakebites in Southern part of Tamilnadu, India. J Ethnopharmacol 2008;115:302-31.

Bhandari S, Dobhal U, Sajwan M, Bisht NS. Trichosanthes tricuspidata: A medicinally important plant. Trees for Life J 2008;3:5.

Sikdar M, Dutta U. Traditional phytotherapy among the Nath people of Assam. Ethno Med 2008;2:39-45.

Dwivedi S, Shrivastava S, Dubey D, Kapoor S. Herbal remedies used in the treatment of scorpion sting and snake bite from the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. Ethnobotan Leaflets 2009;13:326-8.

Panghal M, Arya V, Yadav S, Kumar S, Yadav JP. Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants used by saperas community of Khetawas, Jhajjar district , Haryana, India. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2010;6:4.

Hiremath VT, Taranath TC. Traditional phytotherapy for snake bites by tribes of Chitradurga District, Karnataka, India. Ethnobotan Leaflets 2010;14:120-5.

Skaria BP, Joy PP, Mathew G, Mathew S. Zingiberaceous plants in traditional medicine. Proceedings of National seminar on role of medicinal and aromatic plants in ayurveda, unani and siddha systems of medicine. March 4-5, Hissar: CCS Haryana Agricultural University; 2005. p. 15-20.

Alam MI, Gomes A. Snake venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plants (Vitex negundo and Emblica officinalis) root extracts. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;86:75-80.

Gomes A, Saha A, Chatterjee I, Chakravarty AK. Viper and cobra venom neutralization by beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol isolated from the root of Pluchea indica Less. (Astreraceae). Phytomedicine 2007;14:637-43.

Vasagam GA, Muthu KA, Kumar DS,Manavalan R. In-vitro antoioxidant activities of methanolic extract of tuberous root of Ipomoea digitata(Linn). J Pharm Res 2010;3:639-41.