Glutaraldehyde Treatment Elicits Toxic Response Compared to Decellularization in Bovine Pericardium

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Authors

  • P. R. Umashankar
     ,IN
  • P. V. Mohanan
     ,IN
  • T. V. Kumari
     ,IN

Keywords:

Calcification, decellularized bovine pericardium, glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium, immunogenicity, toxic response, tissue incorporation

Abstract

Glutaraldehyde-stabilized bovine pericardium is used for clinical application since 1970s because of its desirable features such as less immunogenicity and acceptable durability. However, a propensity for calcification is reported on account of glutaraldehyde treatment. In this study, commercially available glutaraldehyde cross-linked bovine pericardium was evaluated for its in vitro cytotoxic effect, macrophage activation, and in vivo toxic response in comparison to decellularized bovine pericardium. Glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium and its extract were observed to be cytotoxic and it also caused significant inflammatory cytokine release from activated macrophages. Significant antibody response, calcification response, necrotic, and inflammatory response were noticed in glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium in comparison to decellularized bovine pericardium in a rat subcutaneous implantation model. Glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium also failed in acute systemic toxicity testing and intracutaneous irritation testing as per ISO 10993. With respect to healing and implant remodeling, total lack of host tissue incorporation and angiogenesis was noticed in glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium compared to excellent host fibroblast incorporation and angiogenesis within the implant in decellularized bovine pericardium. In conclusion, using in vitro and in vivo techniques, this study has demonstrated that glutaraldehydetreated bovine pericardium elicits toxic response compared to decellularized bovine pericardium which is not congenial for long-term implant performance.

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Published

2018-08-21

How to Cite

Umashankar, P. R., Mohanan, P. V., & Kumari, T. V. (2018). Glutaraldehyde Treatment Elicits Toxic Response Compared to Decellularization in Bovine Pericardium. Toxicology International, 19(1), 51–58. Retrieved from http://www.informaticsjournals.com/index.php/toxi/article/view/21845

Issue

Volume 19, Issue 1, January- April 2012

Section

Original Research
Received 2018-08-21
Accepted 2018-08-21
Published 2018-08-21

 

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